APPSC Forest Conservative Officer Examination Syllabus Preliminary & Mains
Part-A
GENERAL STUDIES
& MENTAL ABILITY
i. General Science – Contemporary developments in Science
and Technology and
their implications including matters of every day
observation and experience, as
may be expected of a well-educated person who has not made a
special study
of any scientific discipline.
ii. Current events of national and international importance.
iii. History of India – emphasis will be on broad general
understanding of the subject
in its social, economic, cultural and political aspects with
a focus on AP Indian
National Movement.
iv. World Geography and Geography of India with a focus on
AP.
v. Indian polity and Economy – including the country’s
political system- rural
development – Planning and economic reforms in India.
vi. Mental Ability – Reasoning & Inferences.
vii. Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection
viii. Disaster Management (Source : CBSE Publications)
Concepts in disaster
management and vulnerability profile of India / State of A.P.
Earth quakes /
Cyclones / Tsunami / Floods / Drought – causes and effects.
Man made disasters -
Prevention strategies.
Mitigation strategies
/ Mitigation measures
MATHEMATICS (SSC Standard)
i. ARITHMETIC:
Number System-Natural
numbers, Integers, Rational and Real numbers,
Fundamental operations, addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division, Square roots,
Decimal fractions.Unitary method-time and distance, time and
work, percentages, applications to
simple and compound interest, profit and loss, ratio and
proportion, variation.
Elementary Number
Theory – Division algorithm. Prime and
composite numbers. Tests
of divisibility by 2,3,4,5,9 and 11. Multiples and factors.
Factorisation Thorem. H.C.F.
and L.C.M. Euclidean algorithm. Logarithms to base 10, laws
of logarithms, use of
logarithmic tables.
ii. ALGEBRA:
Basic Operations, simple factors, Remainder Theorem, H.C.F.,
L.C.M. Theory
of polynomials, solutions of quadratic equations, relation
between its roots and
coefficients (Only real roots to be considered).
Simultaneous linear equations in two
un knowns – analytical and Graphical solutions. Simultaneous
linear in equations in two
variables and their solutions. Practical problems leading to
two simultaneous linear
equations or inequations in two variables or quadratic
equations in one variable and
their solutions. Set language and set notation, Rational
expressions and conditional
identities, laws of indices.
iii. TRIGONOMETRY:
Sine x, Cosine x, Tangent x when Oo = x = 90o values of sin
x, cos x and
tan x, for x= Oo , 30o, 45o, 60o and90o.
Simple trigonometric identities. Use of trigonometric tables.
Simple cases of heights and distances.
iv. GEOMETRY:
Lines and angles,
Plane and plane figures, Theorems on (i) Properties of
angles at a point, (ii) Parallel lines, (iii) Sides and
angles of a triangle, (iv) Congruency
of triangles, (v) Similar triangles, (vi) Concurrence of
medians and altitudes, (vii)
Properties of angles, sides and diagonals of a
parallelogram, rectangle and square,
(viii) Circles and its properties including tangents and
normals, (ix) Loci.
v. MENSURATION:
Areas of squares, rectangles,
parallelograms, triangle and circle. Areas
of figures which can be split up into these figures (Field
Book), Surface area and
volume of cuboids, lateral surface and volume of right
circular cones and cylinders,
surface area and volume of spheres.
vi. STATISTICS:
Collection and tabulation of statistical data, Graphical
representation
frequency polygons, histograms, bar charts, pie charts etc.
Measures of central
tendency.
Part-B
GENERAL FORESTRY
1. Plant Science:
Structure and function of plant forms from evolutionary
aspects (viruses to
Angiosperms including fossils. Principles of nomenclature,
classification and identification of
plants. Plant Taxonomy. Recent classification of living
organism into three groups (bacteria,
archaea and eukarya). Vegetative, asexual and sexual methods
of reproduction. Pollination
and fertilization. Sexual incompatibility. Development,
structure, dormancy and germination
of seed. Plant Diseases, Factors affecting infections,
Chemical, biological and genetic
methods of disease control (including transgenic plants).
Ecological adaptation. Types of
vegetational zones and forests of India. Deforestation,
afforestation, Wasteland reclamation.
2. Plant Varieties:
Origin, importance, export potential, varieties, climate,
soil requirements,
propagation and planting and after care,
3. Biodiversity & its conservation:
Introduction —
Definition: genetic, species and ecosystem
diversity, Biogeographical classification of India, Value of
biodiversity, Biodiversity at global,
National and local levels, India as a mega-diversity nation,
Hot-spots of biodiversity, Threats to
biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife,
man-wildlife conflicts, Endangered and endemic
species of India, Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and
Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity.
Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD).
4. Agriculture:
Principles of plant physiology with reference to plant
nutrition, absorption,
transactions and metabolism of nutrients. Diagnosis of
nutrient deficiencies and their
amelioration photosynthesis and respiration, growth and
development, auxins and hormones in
plant growth. Development of hybrids, composites and
synthetic, important varieties, hybrids,
composites and synthetic of major crops. Seeds and seed
production techniques. Principles of
economics as applied to agriculture. Farm planning and
optimum resource-use efficiency and
maximizing income and employment. Farm systems and their
spatial distribution, their
significant roles in regional economic development.
Agronomy,
Agricultural Extension, Dairy Engineering, Land development machinery.
5. Horticulture Science:
Importance of horticulture in terms of economy, production,
employment
generation, environmental protection and human resource
development. Nutritional value of
horticultural crops. Divisions of horticulture and their
importance.
a) Temperature, light, humidity, rainfall and soil
requirements for horticultural crops.
Selection of site for
establishing an orchard, orchard plan, systems of planting.
Establishment of an orchard. Objectives of orchard
management culture, different
methods of orchard
culture. Pruning and training — objectives, methods and effects.
b) Nutrition of horticultural crops — assessment of
nutritional requirements,
Identification of
deficiency symptoms, methods of nutrient application. Assessment of
irrigation
requirements for different horticultural crops, irrigation methods.
c) Flower bud initiation and formation. Factors affecting
them, environmental influences,
chemical, nutritional
management practices. Pollination and fruit set, problems and
requirements, flower
and fruit drop, Unfruitfulness.
6. Plant Propagation
a) Principles and classification of plant propagation
methods.
b) Sexual propagation and its importance. Factors affecting
germination and
pregermination
treatments.
c) Sexual propagation and it's importance. Propagation of
plants by cuttage,
factors affecting
regeneration of plants from cuttings. Types of cuttings,
propagation by
layerage. Factors affecting regeneration of plants by layerage.
Methods of layerage.
d) Propagation by grafting, importance of graftage. Factors
for successful
grafting., Selection
of rootstock and scion. Methods of budding and grafting
Rootstocks. Stock
scion relations.
7. Green House
Production
a) Importance and
scope, production of crops in greenhouse. Status and
development of
greenhouse production of crops. Establishing a greenhouse.
Greenhouse and related structures location, types, size and
arrangement.
b) Control of environmental factors influencing the growth.
C) Preparation of growing media requirement and its
management at different stages
of crop growth.
Management of nutrients.
8. Soil Science:
Types of soil, field
identification and classification; Forest soils,
classification, factors affecting soil formation; physical,
chemical and biological
properties; phase relationships, consistency limits,
particle size distribution,
classification of soil structure and clay mineralogy,
Capillary water and structural
water, effective stress and pore water pressure,
Permeability, Seepage pressure,
quick sand condition, compressibility and consolidation;
Soil conservation —
definition, causes for erosion, types — wind and water
erosion; conservation and
management of eroded soils/areas, wind breaks, shelter
belts; sand dunes;
reclamation of saline and alkaline soils, water logged and
other waste lands. Role
of forests in conserving soils.
9. Geology:
Primary and secondary structures. Dip and strike of beds.
Unconformities.
Study of folds, joints, faults, foliation and lineations.
Overthrusts and nappe structures.
Stages of rock deformation. Construction of block diagrams,
Stereographic and equalarea nets. Solutions of simple problems by stereographic
net. Topographic maps and
their interpretation. Use of clinometer compass in the field
Measurements of bed,
foliation, folds joints, faults and lineations in the field.
Principles of geological mapping.
Effects of topography on outcrops.
10. Water Resource Management:
Surface and subsurface water resources, predicting
demand for water, impurities of water and their
significance, physical, chemical and
bacteriological analysis, water borne diseases, standards
for potable water. Pumping
and gravity schemes, water treatment; Storage and balancing
reservoir types,
location and capacity. Distribution systems.
11. Watershed Management:
Concepts of watershed; role of mini-forests and forest trees
in
overall resource management, forest hydrology, watershed
development in respect of
torrent control, river channel stabilization, rehabilitation
Casuarina equisetifolia, Dalbergia sisoo, Dipterocarpus spp., Embl!ca
officinalls,Eucalyptus spp, Gmelina arborea, Hardwickia binata,
Lagerstoremia lanceolata,
Pterocarpus marsupium, Prosepis juliflora, Santalum album,
Semi-carpus anacardium,
Salmalia malabaricum, Tectona grandis, Terminalia tomentosa,
Tamarindus indica.
13. Agro-forestry, Social Forestry, Joint Forest Management:
Agroforestry: scope and necessity; role in the life of
people and domestic animals and in integrated land use,planning especially
related to soil and water conservation, water recharge, nutrient
availability to crops, nature and eco-system preservation
including ecological
balances through pest- predator relationships and providing
opportunities for
enhancing biodiversity, medicinal and other flora and fauna.
Agro forestry systems
under different agro-ecological zones, selection of species
and role of multipurpose
trees and NTFPs, techniques, food, fodder and fuel security.
Research and Extension
needs. Social/Urban Forestry: objectives, scope and
necessity; JFM — principles,
objectives, methodology, scope, benefits and role of NGOs.
14. Farm, Agri & Forest Power Tools & Machinery:
Types, Uses, maintenance and
safety measures.
15. Ecosystems & Wildlife:
Concept of an ecosystem, Structure and function of an
ecosystem, Producers, consumers and decomposers, Energy flow
in the ecosystem,
Ecological succession, Food chains, food webs and ecological
pyramids, Introduction,
types, characteristic features, structure and function of
the following ecosystem: Forest
ecosystem, Grassland ecosystem, Desert ecosystem, Aquatic
ecosystems (ponds,
streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries), Wildlife of
India; endangered species of India;
sanctuaries and national parks of India, Biological rhythms.
16. Forest Protection And Wildlife Biology:
Injuries to forest — abiotic and biotic destructive
agencies, insect —
pests and disease, effects of air pollution on forests and forest die
back. Susceptibility
of forests to damage, nature of damage, cause, prevention,
protective measures
and benefits due to chemical and biological control. General
forest protection
against fire, equipment and methods, controlled use of fire,
economic and
environmental costs; timber salvage operations after natural disasters.
Role of afforestation
and forest regeneration in absorption of CO2. Rotational and
controlled grazing,
different methods of control against grazing and browsing animals;
effect of wild
animals on forest regeneration, human impacts; encroachment,
poaching, grazing
live fencing, theft, shifting cultivation and control.
17. Genetics and Breeding:
Principle of genetics, chemical nature of DNA and RNA and
their models and
functions. Recombinant DNA technology, transgenic animals,
multiple ovulation
and embryo-transfer. Cytogenetics, immunogenetics and
biochemical
polymorphic and their application in animal improvement. Gene actions.
Systems and
strategies for improvement of livestock for milk, meat, wool production
and drought and
poultry for eggs and meat. Breeding of animals for disease
resistance. Breeds of
livestock, poultry and rabbits.
18. Nutrition:
Role of nutrition in animal health and production.
Classification of feeds,
Proximate composition
of feeds, feeding standards, computation of rations. Ruminant
nutrition. Concepts
of total digestible nutrients and starch equivalent systems.
Significance of
energy determinations. Conservation of feeds and fodder and utilization
of agro by-products.
Feed supplements and additives. Nutrition deficiencies and their
management.
19. Veterinary Science:
(i) Major contagious diseases affecting cattle, buffaloes,
horses,
sheep and goats,
pigs, poultry, rabbits and pet animals. Etiology, symptoms,
pathogenicity,
diagnosis, treatment and control of major bacterial, viral, rickettsial and
parasitic infections.
(ii) Description, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the following:
a) Production diseases of milk animals, pig and poultry.
b) Deficiency diseases of domestic livestock and birds
c) Poisonings due to infected/contaminated foods and feeds,
chemicals and drugs.
20. Economic Zoology:
Beneficial and harmful insects including insect vectors of
human
diseases, Industrial
fish, prawn and molluscs of India, Non-poisonous and poisonous snakes
of India, Venomous
animals-centipede, wasp, honey bee, Diseases caused by aberrant
chromosomes/genes in
man; genetic counseling; DNA as a tool for forensic investigation.
21. Forest Economics,
Legislation & Administration:
Forest economics — fundamental
principles,
cost-benefit analysis; estimation of demand and supply; role of private
sector and
cooperatives; role of corporate financing. Forest in Concurrent List, Forest
Laws: Indian Forest Act, AP Forest Act & Rules, Wildlife
Protection Act, Forest
Conservation Act,
Administration: Indian Forest Services, AP State Forest Services, AP
State Forest
Subordinate Services, AP Forest Department-Its structure and activities.
22. Sampling Theory:
Complete enumeration vs. sampling, need for sampling, basic
concepts in sampling, designing large-scale sample surveys,
sampling and nonsampling errors, simple random sampling, properties of a good
estimator, estimation of
sample size, stratified random sampling, systematic sampling
cluster sampling, ratio and
regression methods of estimation ender simple and stratified
random sampling.
23. Forest Mensuration, Remote Sensing and Forest Working
Plan:
Methods of measuring —
diameter, girth, height and volume of trees; form-factor;
volume estimation of stand,
current annual increment; mean annual increment, Yield
calculation, yield and stand
tables: forest cover monitoring through remote sensing;
Geographic information
Systems for management and modeling; Forest planning,
evaluation and monitoring
tools and approaches for integrated planning; multipurpose
development of forest
resources and forest industries development; working plans.
Annual Plant of
Operations.
24. Renewable and non-renewable resources:
Natural resources and associated problems.
a) Forest resources: Use and over-exploitation,
deforestation, case studies.
Timber extraction,
mining, dams and their effects on forests and tribal people.
b) Water resources: Use and over-utilization of surface and
ground water, floods,
drought, conflicts
over water, dams-benefits and problems.
c) Mineral resources: Use and exploitation, environmental
effects of extracting
and using mineral
resources.
d) Food resources: World food problems, changes caused by
agriculture and
overgrazing, effects
of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems, water
logging, salinity.
e) Energy resources: Growing energy needs, renewable and non
renewable
energy sources, use
of alternate energy sources.
f) Land resources: Land as a resource, land degradation, man
induced
landslides, soil
erosion and desertification.
25. Environmental Sciences:
Definition, scope and importance, Need for public awareness,
Environmental Pollution: Definition, Causes, effects and
control measures of Air
pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Marine
pollution, Noise pollution, Thermal
pollution &Nuclear hazards. Solid waste Management:
Causes, effects and control
measures of urban and industrial wastes. Social Issues and
the Environment: From
Unsustainable to Sustainable development. Urban problems
related to energy, Water
conservation, rain water harvesting, Resettlement and
rehabilitation of people; its
problems and concerns, Environmental ethics: Issues and
possible solutions, Climate
change, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion,
nuclear accidents and
holocaust, Wasteland reclamation, Consumerism and waste
products, Environment
Protection Act, Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act, Water (Prevention and
control of Pollution) Act, APWALTA.
26. Transportation Techniques:
Highway alignment, choice of layout and capacity of
highways,
location survey, geometric design of highways-various
elements, curves, grade separation
and segregation of traffic, inter-section design, highway
materials and testing subgrade
and pavement components, type of pavements, road drainage.
27. Project Management:
Elements and principles of Activity
on Arrow (AOA) and Activity on
Node (AON) networks and work breakdown structure.
Interfaces. Ladder networks. Activity
time. Time computations and works. ATC and PTC trade-off.
Work study and sampling.
Scheduling principles-material schedules. ABC and EOQ
analysis of inventory. Budgeting
with bar-charts. Working capital. PERT, probability of
completion.
Elements of Engineering Economics, methods of appraisal,
present worth, annual cost,
benefit-cost, incremental analysis. Economy of scale and
size. Choosing between
alternatives including levels of investments. Project
profitability.
28. Communications :
Analog communications-AM, FM, PM modulations-Power
requirements
— Transmitters — Receivers — Ground wave propagation- Sky
and Space propagation.
Digital communications — Pulse modulations — Delta
modulation, multiplexing, multiple
access, Antennas, wave guides, Basics of satellite
communications, optical
communications. Wireless Communications, Walkie-Talkie, HAM
Radio.
APPSC Forest Conservative Officer Examination Syllabus Preliminary & Mains
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March 17, 2019
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